When your doctor checks your blood pressure, it’s presented as two numbers: the top (systolic) and the bottom (diastolic), shown like a fraction—for example, 120/80 mm Hg.

The systolic number measures the pressure in your arteries when your heart contracts. The diastolic number reflects the pressure when your heart is at rest between beats.

Both numbers are important indicators of heart health. Maintaining a normal range is essential to avoid serious cardiovascular issues.

A typical healthy blood pressure has long been considered around 120/80 mm Hg. However, medical experts now define normal blood pressure for most people as less than 140 systolic and 90 diastolic.

For older adults and those with conditions like diabetes, the target is stricter—no higher than 130/80 mm Hg. These lower limits aim to reduce risks for heart attacks, strokes, and other complications.

Previously, a reading of 139/89 was considered hypertensive. Individuals at this level were often prescribed medication to lower their blood pressure and protect their heart and brain.

Recent research and guidelines continue to shape how we view and manage blood pressure, especially among vulnerable groups.

Monitoring and managing your blood pressure with lifestyle changes and medication, when necessary, remain crucial steps for long-term health.