Oral cancer, a significant part of head-and-neck cancers, remains a growing health challenge in India. Recent data reveal approximately 77,000 new cases and over 52,000 deaths due to oral cancer each year, underscoring the urgent need for awareness and early intervention. This disease disproportionately affects men over 40, making it a critical public health concern in the country.

The main risk factors for oral cancer include tobacco use (both smoking and chewing), alcohol consumption, betel-nut products, and extended sun exposure to the lips. These habits are widespread in India and contribute to the high prevalence of the disease. Early detection is vital, as many cases are diagnosed late, often after the cancer has spread to the lymph nodes in the neck, significantly reducing survival chances.

Oral cancer most commonly affects the lips, tongue, gums, inner cheeks, and the floor of the mouth. Warning signs include persistent sores, red or white patches, unexplained lumps, bleeding, numbness, and difficulties with swallowing or chewing. Recognizing these symptoms early and seeking medical advice can greatly increase the likelihood of successful treatment.

Experts recommend regular oral health checkups, ideally twice a year, to detect any abnormalities early. Avoiding tobacco and alcohol, limiting betel-nut use, and getting HPV vaccinations where appropriate are important preventive measures. Any suspicious lesions or sores lasting more than two weeks should be evaluated by a dentist or oncologist promptly to ensure timely diagnosis and treatment.

In India, specialized doctors such as Dr. Sajjan Rajpurohit provide comprehensive care for oral cancer patients, assisting with diagnosis, staging, and various treatment options including surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. While oral cancer remains a serious challenge, increased awareness, preventive habits, and early specialist consultation can dramatically improve survival rates and patients’ quality of life.